意大利语习惯用语讲座：复合时态

The compound tenses (i tempi composti) are verb tenses that consist of two words, such as the passato prossimo (present perfect). Both the verbs essere and avere act as helping verbs in compound tense formations. For example: io sono stato (I was) and ho avuto (I had).

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Present Perfect with Avere 日语、韩语、法语等在线辅导学习 www.qnxx.cn

In general, transitive verbs (verbs that carry over an action from the subject to the direct object) are conjugated with avere as in the following example: 小语种-qnxx.cn 小语种学习网

Il pilota ha pilotato l’aeroplano. (The pilot flew the plane.) 内容来自qnxx.cn青年小语种学习网

When the passato prossimo is constructed with avere, the past participle does not change according to gender or number:

Io ho parlato con Giorgio ieri pomeriggio. (I spoke to George yesterday afternoon.)

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Noi abbiamo comprato molte cose. (We bought many things.) 内容来自qnxx.cn青年小语种学习网

When the past participle of a verb conjugated with avere is preceded by the third person direct object pronouns lo, la, le, or li, the past participle agrees with the preceding direct object pronoun in gender and number. The past participle may agree with the direct object pronouns mi, ti, ci, and vi when these precede the verb, but the agreement is not mandatory. 日语、韩语、法语等在线辅导学习 www.qnxx.cn

Ho bevuto la birra. (I drank the beer.) 内容来自qnxx.cn青年小语种学习网

L’ho bevuta. (I drank it.) 小语种-qnxx.cn 小语种学习网

Ho comprato il sale e il pepe. (I bought the salt and pepper.)

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Li ho comprati. (I bought them.) qnxx.cn 高中生留学资讯网

Ci hanno visto/visti. (They saw us.)

In negative sentences, non is placed before the auxiliary verb: 小语种国家留学资讯网www.qnxx.cn

Molti non hanno pagato. (Many didn’t pay.) 日语、韩语、法语等在线辅导学习 www.qnxx.cn

No, non ho ordinato una pizza. (No, I didn’t order a pizza.)(责任编辑：admin)